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Ruthven Campbell Todd (pronounced 'riven') (14 June 1914 – 11 October 1978) was a Scottish poet, artist and novelist, best known as an editor of the works of William Blake, and as a writer of children's books. He wrote detective fiction also under the pseudonym R. T. Campbell.〔John Clute, "Todd, Ruthven", in ''The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction'', edited by Clute and Peter Nicholls. London, Orbit,1994. ISBN 1-85723-124-4 (p.1299-1300).〕 ==Biography== Born in Edinburgh, Todd was educated at Fettes College and Edinburgh College of Art. After a time in the office of his father, an architect, he worked for two years as an agricultural labourer on Mull.〔David Goldie and Roderick Watson, ''From the Line: Scottish War Poetry 1914-1945''. Glasgow; Association for Scottish Literary Studies, 2014. ISBN 1906841160 (p. 204)〕 He then started a career in copy-writing and journalism, while writing poetry and novels, living in Edinburgh, London, and later Tilty Mill near Dunmow in Essex (later rented to poet and novelist Elizabeth Smart). He was involved with the surrealists at the time of the 1936 International Surrealist Exhibition. During the 1930s, he was friendly with Dylan Thomas, Geoffrey Grigson, Humphrey Jennings, David Gascoyne〔Robert Fraser, ''Night Thoughts: The Surreal Life of the Poet David Gascoyne'' Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2012. ISBN 978-0-19-955814-8 (p. 245-6)〕 and Wyndham Lewis, contributing to the Lewis issue of Julian Symons's ''Twentieth Century Verse''.〔 Lewis recruited Todd to keep awake the dozing Ezra Pound, whose portrait Lewis was painting. A character based on Todd was included in Symons' first detective story, ''The Immaterial Murder Case''. Todd's two allegorical novels ''Over the Mountain'' and ''The Lost Traveller'' both feature protagonists on symbolic journeys; Todd acknowledged the influence of Lewis and Rex Warner on the latter novel.〔 ''Over the Mountain'', a satire on fascism, has its hero travel to a dystopian nation with an oppressive government.〔Petra Rau, ''English Modernism, National Identity and the Germans: 1890 - 1950'' Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., 2009. ISBN 0754656721, (p. 150).〕 During World War II he was a conscientious objector.〔 He moved to America in 1947, where he held a position at a university in Iowa, and ran the Weekend Press during the 1950s. He contributed to children's literature, with the fifties ''Space Cat'' series.〔 He was married to sculptor Joellen Hall Rapée (1921-2006).〔Horrocks, Roger (2001) ''Len Lye: A Biography'', Auckland University Press p250〕 In 1960, he settled in El Terreno, Palma de Majorca, Spain, and moved in 1965 to the mountain village of Galilea. He spent the remainder of his life there until his death in 1978. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ruthven Todd」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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